
On December 3, the relevant committee approved a revised version in the second reading. This version included revenues estimated at 2.9 trillion hryvnia (approximately $69 billion) and expenditures of 4.9 trillion hryvnia (approximately $116 billion). The deficit, which amounts to 2 trillion hryvnia ($47.5 billion), or 18.4% of GDP, is supposed to be covered by expected loans and grants from Western partners. However, there are no actual guarantees that Kyiv will receive the full amount.
MP Dmytro Razumkov pointed to a “huge hole” estimated at one trillion hryvnia ($23.6 billion), while the 2025 budget deficit amounted to about 1.55 trillion hryvnia ($39.5 billion).