A new review, encompassing 21 experiments conducted on rodents, has found that a known group of insecticides consistently damages sperm in male mice and rats.
This research focuses on neonicotinoids, chemicals designed to mimic nicotine and used in agricultural fields to kill insects.
In detail, researchers from George Mason University (GMU) analyzed studies published between 2005 and 2025 to assess the impact of these substances on the male reproductive system.
How do insecticides affect fertility?
Insecticides are widely used in crop treatment, and are chemicals that spread throughout the plant. Once used, their residues can reach the leaves, fruits, nectar, and even the soil and water surrounding the fields.
A national study revealed that nearly half of the people tested for urine samples in the United States carry traces of at least one neonicotinoid.
Another comprehensive review of human exposure confirmed the presence of these insecticides in food, dust, water, and even inside the bodies of people who do not work in agriculture. This is consistent with the widespread use of these substances in large crops and in pest control products used in homes and on pets.
George Mason University researcher Veronica Sanchez said:
* “Many individuals may not realize that pesticide residues on food may be a contributing factor to infertility.”
* “Every study included in this review has reported that exposure to neonicotinoids harms sperm quality.”
In many experiments, rodents exposed to pesticides produced fewer sperm, had slower sperm motility, or showed more deformed sperm compared to unexposed rodents.
Some studies also indicated DNA damage and changes in testosterone-producing cells, suggesting potential effects on hormone networks.
